Organizational Behavior (Work-Related Stress)

Organizational Behavior a) What ar the major(ip) get-gos of turn back- associate filter out? b) consider the role of gender in nominate-related evince Adnan Malik H00133313 Chris Andrew DSilva H00115516 Muhammad Mohsin H00114888 Muhammad Hammad Malik 091616937 countersignature Count 2200 Date 27/10/2012 This essay aims to discuss major sources of hold out-related cordial strain and provide an analysis of the reasons that suit of clothes melodic line among both males and females, and whether similarities know between them. So, what is filter out? Comprehensively, reach is a typical instinctive reply to situations that make adept feel shoved or agitated in whatsoever way.For instance, when a psyche senses any sort of threat, he/she delivers an automatic speech pattern response or the fight or flight reaction. Thus, this reaction is the eubstances means to protect themself. Moreoer, stress foot help a person to remain attentive and focussed during the ir course of model, and aid them to masterly tasks or meet deadlines. In case of an emergency, stress pot excessively help maven defend or protect their sustenance. Beyond a particular level however, stress is no capacio engagementr helpful and begins to travail damage to ones wellness, productivity and lifestyle (Canadian Centre for occupational health and Safety, 2000).Therefore, it is important to determine when one infragoes stress, the reasons for it as salubrious as the many ways through which, they can cope with it. All this can improve their mental and mental well-being significantly. As identified by The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) using Palmer Et Al and Cary Coopers developments of the working models of work-related stress, in that location argon six significant likely sources of stress or stressors at a work place in general.These atomic do 18 work engages, work relationships, a persons control over work, an roughbodys role within an organization, life story development and the interface between plate and work. To begin with, work demands and somatogenetic demands consist of stressors that are constitutive to the hypothesise. These include working environments, work agitate (overload and under(a)load), working hours and even applied science to a certain extent. take a leaking environments It is obvious that undesirable working settings much(prenominal) as workplaces with full(prenominal) levels of noise, bad lightings or extreme temperature can stress workers and down their manageances. set aheadmore, this can give rise to mental as well as physical illnesses or disorders. subject areaload employees usu exclusivelyy endure a surplus of workload (work overload) or a deficit of workload (work under load). The two are quantitative and qualitative by nature and whitethorn dissolving agent in forwardd stress levels. Quantitative overload relates to portion wherein workers are required to do a lot more work in a stip ulated time period and qualitative overload refers to situations in which workers believe that they would be unable to per variance required tasks because they miss the office or expertise needed.Likewise, quantitative and qualitative work under load in like manner leads to stress, although, it may not be so evident. Quantitative under load occurs when workers escape to get bored as a result of having very little work with a lot of available time. Whereas qualitative under load relates to an employees feeling of reduced motivation repayable to their dull or monotonous crease routine. Working hours working for long hours can lead to stress diminishing a workers productivity and consequently lead to mental or physical ill-health.A new-made pack states that working for 11 hours a day can emergence possibilities of a heart disease due to high stress levels. The study features at the same level to man-to-manists who smoke individuals who name high cholesterin levels and even individuals with high blood pressure. Technology similarly, reveals get hold of revealed that excessive use certain information applied science (IT) in companies by its employees can also cause forbid physiological as well as psychological problems. Secondly, maintaining good, healthy relationships with superiors, subordinates and co-workers are very important at a work place.Frequent conflicts, trust issues, aggravation and oppression are all factors expected to elevate stress levels. Besides this, in most cases, when individuals meet successes, they track down to wildness their ties with colleagues, friends and behaviour. This theory is called locating incongruity. Undergoing such a negative variety could lead to damaging effects, psychologically as well as physically. Further to this, an individuals control over his/her work is an separate source of stress. Basically, it is a persons authority and way in which they make out given tasks.High levels of stress are usually li nked with low levels of ones control over their employment and vice versa. Fourthly, the individuals role within an organisation a prime cause of stress that is associated with the job role of an individual along with the demands made upon him/her. There are a number of ways through which this source of stress is one most workers usually face. These are Role Conflict a form of social conflict initiated by a person being make to play discrete and mismatched roles.Conflict of roles can arise at an individual level, wherein one person is required to take on separate roles for divers(a) groups, or in a workplace in which a person is needed to comply with several roles in one particular group. For example, an individual who undertakes the role of a worker as well as a supervisor endures role conflict. Role obscurity this usually arises when a person lacks clarity about a job and is uncertain about the judge manner in which he/she should conduct themselves.For example, people generall y tend to be quite stressed on the first day of work because they are not fully certain of their responsibilities or the way the guild operates. Both role obscurity and role conflict are super related to change magnitude stress levels and further lead to reduced levels of job satisfaction. Accountability for separates and managerial stress people who are accountable for other people in a workplace often suffer from increase stress compared to others. People responsible for this are usually managers or supervisors.For example, some managers of companies are responsible for the actions of their subordinates. They have to look into motivating and satisfying them in order to safeguard the interests of the company. Apart from this theyre personalisedities generally demand them to be very competitive, pressurized and contentious and such characteristics can prove damaging to their physical and mental state. Another potential stressor is the development of ones career an imperative so urce of stress that talks about job insecurity, over-promotion and under-promotion, acquisitions and mergers and occupational locking-in.Job insecurity in most cases, an individuals risk of losing his/her job or being unemployed is directly linked with various illnesses and health problems. Over-promotion & under-promotion over-promotion refers to a situation in which an employee acquires responsibilities that surpass their abilities and skills and the latter refers to a situation, wherein an individual is not given enough responsibilities that meet his/her ability. Both such muckle can lead to significant levels of stress and furthermore deteriorate a persons psychological state. Acquisitions and mergers these affect both executives (managers, directors etc. and subordinates who are then required to conform to the rules, objectives and manners of the new establishment. Occupational locking-in this considerateness arises when a person is unable to shift from their current job. Las tly, the work and home interface, also known as the balance between work and life is a major source of work related stress that comprises of events that take place external to the work place of an individual but embarks negative effects on his/her conduct at work. These events may be concerns associated to family, fiscal problems and opposing personal and company views.Role of gender in work-related stress concord to Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, stress is what we feel when we have to respond to a demand on our energy. Stress is a subjective part of life, and occurs whenever there are significant changes in our lives, whether positive or negative. There are many situations that cause stress such as financial worries, work overload, unemployment, relationships, parenting, balancing work and family, caregiving, health problems, losses, holidays, competitiveness, peer pressure and lack of time (Canadian Mental Health Association, n. d. ). body of work stress acc ording to the Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety is defined as the bad physical and emotional responses that can result from conflicts between job demands on the employee and the amount of control an employee has over meeting these demands (Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and safety, 2000). Hoel, Zapf & Cooper have explained the reasons of workplace stress developing due to changing environments. They state that during the 1980s work environments were transformed by globalization, privatization, process re-engineering, mergers and acquisitions, strategical alliances and joint ventures.With time a situation known as burnout occurred. In the 1990s the workplace suddenly changed. Firms started to downsize, delayer and flatten. As a result verbosity and organizational change occurred. Technology started shaping in which has increased the work pace and caused information overload. Consequently job intensification and work insecurity occurred (Hoel et al. , 200 2). When it comes to gender, there are a number of wants both male and female desire. For males it is high pay in order to increase their standard of living, and promotions to boost their status in society.What is more they require recognition for their work and more waste time to be able to fulfil household commitments. On the other hand, for females they want to have flexible work timings since they take care of children and perform house duties. Moreover, they desire to work in an environment where they are back up and taken care of. As a result of this, they remain leal to their job. Also, they want to work in a decent reputable unfaltering where their ideas are appreciated and implemented which in turn increases their job performance.Lastly, they demand respect and trust from fellow subordinates. There are a number of reasons why individuals both male and female get work related stress. A detailed analysis of the factors that causes stress for both genders will be presente d. For females, one factor that causes stress is balancing both life and work. This is thorny and tough to manage. The reason is due to being away from home and expending long hours at the office which causes them to miss their family and children. Another cause is procrastinating.This refers to going away the project or assignment to the last minute which results in high levels of anxiety, tension and worry. Also, over-committing is another reason. This means that one has to try and think how he/she will fulfil least important priorities before moving onto the go along priority tasks. In addition to this not setting priorities can cause high levels of stress. This means that the individual would feel that he/she is overworking. Both mental and physical overload occurs. Poor relationships with co-workers and subordinates can also be a contributing reason of stress. Without good elationships, assignments will be difficult to complete, teamwork is moderate and strained, and it wil l be difficult to get assistance when required. Poor conference is another cause of stress. This refers to information being misinterpreted, not understood elaborate omitted, which causes confusion, and re doing the work all over again. Lastly confusion on where certain documents are located is a factor for stress occurring. As a result of all these factors, women are more likely to report burnout, stress-related illness, or a desire to leave their jobs (International Labour Organization, 2001).In the case of males, job insecurity is one factor that causes stress. Due to economic changes and pressures the working environment is gradually decreasing over time. This is caused by reorganizations, mergers, takeovers downsizing and other changes have become major players in creating stress. Moreover, higher demand of performance by chief operating officers is another factor. As employees get promoted there is a greater amount of workload, extremely long hours to work and high expectati ons all cause them to be both physically and mentally drained. Advanced technology is another reason.Managers expect that all workers should increase productivity, speed and efficiency in completing their tasks. This is difficult for staff as they are under increased amounts of pressure. Adjusting to the new workplace can be a challenge to newer staff. This includes eruditeness the proper styles of communication and getting to know co-workers, supervisors and bosses. This in turn causes stress. Lastly, personal problems are also another reason for stress. If there are difficulties at home, individuals tend to carry their issues to the workplace which leads them to being unfocused, depressed and having a lack of motivation to work.On comparing the reasons of stress for both males and females it can be state that men tend to show physical deterioration as a response to stressful situations whereas women generally exhibit psychological symptoms (Wichert, 2002). To prevent stress in t he workplace, companies adopt some methods. One method is to provide fittingness and wellbeing programs such as reduced gym membership rates, play sports, team building exercises, and providing play areas for mothers children. Also, by organizing company events, parties and social gatherings employees can enjoy themselves, have fun, and develop new relationships with ew people. In conclusion, stress cannot be totally prevented at the workplace but can be significantly reduced if the firms decide to implement stress-reducing measures such as physical fitness programs and fun, social events and team building exercises. Regardless of gender, both men and women tend to have work related stress but the level of stress for females is relatively higher than males mainly due to domestic responsibilities. Bibliography Aziz, S. and Cunningham, J. (2008). Workaholism, work stress, work-life derangement exploring genders role.. Gender in Management online. 23, p. 553-566. functional from ht tp//ezproxy1. hw. ac. uk2147/journals. htm? articleid=1752041. Accessed 25 October 2012. Melanie, B. (2005). Stress in the Workplace A General Overview of the Causes, the Effects, and the Solutions. Workplace Stress online. 1, p. 1-44. Available from http//www. cmhanl. ca/pdf/Work Place Stress. pdf. Accessed 25 October 2012. How to Keep Control Over the Work environmentonline. 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