Gerard Manley Hopkins Essay

The Windhover, by Gerard Manley Hopkins is a poem about the essence of natural things. This poem describes the relationship of human beings to the natural world as the poet is addressing God through the bird. It is praising him for all the marvellous things He has created and that humans can enjoy. The poem consists in three verses. In the first verse, the poet describes the power of the bird as it is portrayed as the master of heavens. This verse captures the movement of the bird in the sky. It starts with â€Å"I caught this morning mornings minion† that gives the feeling that the bird is a servant of the sky and it is the morning because it is a good time for hunting. Hopkins puts words together like â€Å"dapple dawn-drawn† to portray multi-images as here where the bird is drawn in the sky. Also, the alliteration here produces the effect of the bird’s movement in the air and the intensity of the poem’s feeling. The author writes that the bird is â€Å"striding high there† and this produces the image that the bird is taking huge steps in the air. The bird also â€Å"rung upon the rein of a wimpling wing† showing his power and control with â€Å"ecstasy†. The bird has control over the wind. The rhythm in this verse is very slow, yet steady. This verse consists in very long sentences that convey the effect that the bird is circling the air; with long movements it also reflects the poets feelings. This verse gives as the feeling that he poet has searched very well the words to describe his feelings but at the same time describing the bird. He searches for words that sound as they are written for example â€Å"sweeps smooth†. The second verse consists only of three lines explaining how the bird spots its pray and here, the beauty of the bird is more accentuated when the author uses â€Å"Brute beauty† to describe how beautiful the bird is, even when it is hunting. The word â€Å"brute† has an impact on the readers because this word means violent, wild, but here, the author uses it to emphasize that the beauty is a different kind of beauty; that it is a magnificent beauty, so marvellous and magnificent that there is no better word to describe it than brute. The poem reaches to the climax when the bird spots the pray and the author writes â€Å"here buckle! † as if warning us for action. To be prepared. From now on, the rhythm is more steady with lots of comas and faster than the first verse. This gives us the effect that the bird is now descending towards its pray. At the end of this verse, the author addresses to God as â€Å"Oh my chevalier! † and this is to thank Him for creating such marvellous things as the bird, full of â€Å"Brute beauty† so that humans can enjoy, even though it is only by watching them. When the author addresses to God, the rhythm changes. This matches the ecstasy of the bird in his own physical mastery of the sky. The last verse consists also in three lines, and here, the relationship of human beings to the natural world is also portrayed. This verse is more as a pronouncement. Here the author stops speaking about the bird and makes us realise how God’s beauty of creation is in everything, even in things where there is no apparent beauty. This is achieved also when Hopkins starts talking about how the â€Å"shi er pli d† makes even ploughing beautiful and how â€Å"blue-bleak embers† are also beautiful. In conclusion, I think that Hopkins decides to first start talking about the Windhover and about its â€Å"Brute beauty† to then compare it to the beauty found in every thing of creation. He relates human being to the beauty of nature because the beauty found in nature comes from human’s sacrifice. The words on Hopkins poem impact me because they make me realise how lucky we are to be part of creation and enjoy the beauty there is from Christ’s sacrifice.

Active Listening in 4 Steps Essay

Active listening in 4 steps: The best managers make the best listeners Managers spend a good part of their workday listening to other people. But bear in mind, there’s a big difference between â€Å"passive† and â€Å"active† listening. Effective listening includes a four-step process to ensure understanding: 1. Listen to the total message.  2. Prove your understanding by using nonverbal signals. 3. Use open-ended probes. 4. Paraphrase what you hear. Motivating employees through realistic deadlines: 4 do’s and don’ts Without deadlines, employees flounder. They can’t be aware of the urgency or priorities of a project unless their supervisors tell them. Following are four tips on motivating employees by setting realistic deadlines: 1. Do be specific  Name the target day and time. And mean what you say. If you ask for completion â€Å"next week,† don’t complain on Friday that you really needed it on Wednesday. 2. Do clarify priorities Let people know if this assignment takes precedence over any other projects they’re working on now. Avoid the old, favorite deadline â€Å"ASAP,† which usually translates in an employee’s mind as â€Å"whenever it gets done.† 3. Don’t set false deadlines  Setting a deadline earlier than necessary (because you don’t trust your employees to meet the real deadline) creates more problems than it solves. Your staff will soon learn that’s how you operate and will assume there’s always air in the schedule. As a result, they’ll always miss that first deadline, just as you knew they would. 4. Do establish an update schedule  The best-laid plans can go astray, and so can deadlines. You’ll minimize the chance of this occurring by setting up a progress report schedule when you assign the project. This is especially important for long-term projects. Motivating employees to do their best each day: 6 office communication techniques Here are six tips for motivating employees to stay on task and work together toward the common goal, according to a report by OnPoint Consulting: 1. Clarify, clarify, clarify.  2. Establish clear expectations. 3. Don’t micromanage your entrepreneurial-minded employees. But do monitor them. 4. Encourage employees to share bad news with you. 5. Solve problems quickly, but not too quickly. 6. Encourage informal and spontaneous interaction. Managing employee retention: Listen for subtle whispers of employee turnover Most good employees don’t stand up one day and quit out of the blue. They send off subtle hints that, if you’re listening, you can act on before the good employee walks out the door. That’s why it’s important to listen to statements like these that can act as an â€Å"advance warning system† for employee turnover: * â€Å"This job isn’t what I thought it would be.† Rather than exploring what the employee was originally told or trying to defend miscommunication, focus on the present. Ask, â€Å"How do you want your job to be?† * â€Å"I’m at a plateau. I can’t grow here.† Consider that a plea for job stimulation. Provide the employee with new responsibilities, cross-training opportunities or exposure to influential mentors. * â€Å"I don’t get any feedback.† Most employees crave regular input from their supervisors. Don’t leave them in the dark. Plan regular sessions to discuss ongoing projects and performance. * â€Å"This place has too much politics.† While you may not be able to eliminate all dissension and politics in the organization, you can level with the employee. If someone makes this complaint, address rumors head-on, and don’t play favorites. Maintaining workplace productivity: 7 common employee gripes (and how to silence them) A recent study says that 40% of managers in the United States are considered â€Å"bad bosses† by their employees. Yet most managers assume that their relationships with their employees are running smoothly. Obviously, some of those bosses are wrong †¦ and that can create major problems for workplace productivity. A Gallup Poll says organizations are 50% less productive—and 44% less profitable—when serious boss-employee conflicts exist. Employee retention strategies: 8 little things managers can do to retain the best When good employees leave for greener pastures, it makes a manager’s job much more difficult. Managers can prevent this syndrome by doing what they can to make their own pasture the greenest. While compensation helps, it’s not always cash that makes pastures greener. When salaries are equal with the marketplace, other factors take priority. Here are eight easy-to-plant â€Å"seeds† that help keep employees growing and content, according to a KEYGroup report: 1. Keep them engaged. Consider ways to provide opportunities for employees to improve on their skills or learn new skills they can use in their jobs. 2. Give praise where praise is due. Recognizing a job well done isn’t an expensive proposition, but it will mean the world to your employee. 3. Be aware of employees’ changing needs. By recognizing their changing needs, you show sensitivity to what’s going on in their lives. This builds loyalty and helps bring stability to their personal lives, which means they can focus better at work. 4. Realize that great employees thrive under great leaders. Employees won’t leave for greener pastures unless you drive them. The buck starts and stops with their leaders. 5. Conduct regular â€Å"stay† interviews. Rather than exit interviews, use regular â€Å"stay† interviews to provide an opportunity to compliment high performers on their work and inspire them to do more. 6. Create an environment where people can do their best work. By allowing employees to develop and implement their own ideas, you’ll keep them passionate about their work. 7. Create an environment of trust. Employees are happier and work harder when they trust their leaders. They decide which leaders they can trust based on how their fellow employees, company vendors and customers are treated. 8. Rid your pasture of weeds. The weeds are those poor performers and negative employees who stifle the good attitudes and high performance of their co-workers. The bottom line: Striving to keep employees happy and engaged is not just a â€Å"nice† thing to do — it’s the only way to maximize workplace productivity. Thoughtful employee retention strategies are useful not just for retaining people to avoid the high cost of recruitment. Engaged employees are creative, productive, motivated and brimming with good ideas

How to Choose a Content Management System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

How to Choose a Content Management System - Essay Example Overcomplicated, end-to-end packages can as much as quintuple site operational costs over human labor alternatives. Unfortunately, the breadth of many vendors' all too-inclusive 'silver-bullet solution' vision has left these companies struggling with platform lock-in, overengineered site infrastructures, exorbitant technical maintenance costs, and per-business-user costs averaging as much as $25,000 per year." Investing in this technology is not cheap; an enterprise-wide system such as Interwoven can cost over $300,0005 to purchase. Open-source solutions such as Zope may save on license fees but will have development and maintenance costs too. Common problems include overspending on the platform, poorly implemented search solutions6 and manually updating content - all of which undermines ROI and TCO. WebSideStory's paper addresses a real training need by identifying the strengths and weaknesses of the various approaches to CMS implementation and identifying how to leverage the technology to add value to the business. The paper is positioned to inform and persuade the reader that internet-based subscription CMS will prove to have the lowest TCO and ROI of any of the 4 approaches for implementing CMS (manual, automated, subscription o

CRISIS COMMUNICATION ASSIGNMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

CRISIS COMMUNICATION ASSIGNMENT - Essay Example Pirates were armed with deadly weapons including AK-47 rifles, rocket-propelled grenades and Anti-tank rocket launches at the time of the attack that could devastate the ship. The pirates are dressed in military fatigues. Furthermore, they use high tech satellites equipments to communicate with their mother ship. The high tech phones and GPS systems were used by terrorist pirates to coordinate attacks using small but very fast speed boats that are resupplied by mother ship. When the pirates fired on the ship, crew members gathered all the passengers in a central lounge away from decks and windows during the attack. Luckily, no serious hurts have been reported. However, a number of passengers and crew members are under shock and ship sustained minor damages. The pirates followed Smooth Magic ship and boarded it on Monday morning after four hour chase. The ship through its captain sent a distress call but no naval ship was near at that time to rescue it. Following fierce attack on the ship, the captain surrendered the ship to pirates to secure safety of all people on board as well as the entire ship. The Smooth Magic was then commandeered by the pirates to southern part of Somalia. This brings to ten the number of vessels that pirates are holding captive with passengers and crew in the lawless southern section of Somali. ... The hijacking incident is being monitored closely by the company in collaboration with relevant Maritime authorities to protect the lives of passengers and crew members on board and the ship at large. The Smooth Magic cruise ship has six hundred passengers and three hundred crew members on board. On board the cruise ship are American, Europeans, Asians and Africans. According to captain John Williams of the Smooth Magic, the number of pirates who hijacked Smooth Magic is estimated to be about forty eight. The company has been communicating with the Captain, who updates the company on the developments and he has assured the company that no single person has been hurt so far. Furthermore, there are no incidents of pirate’s ruthlessness because our crew members and passengers cooperated. The pirates have also not robbed passengers of their personal belongings because their leader categorically stated that they are only interested on ransom and have instructed his fellow armed pir ates not to rob passengers or crew members. Communication between the company and the pirates via satellite phone revealed that the pirates are demanding a ransom of $500,000. The leader of the pirates only known has Adan refused to divulge more information about themselves but promised to keep the passengers, crew members and entire ship safe if their demands are met. This unfortunate hijacking incident is the first to happen to our ships. However, the company is doing all it can to ensure that all passengers and crew on board as well as the entire ship are safe. The company is negotiating with the pirates on the best possible outcome. The company considers the hijacking incident serious. Hence, it has placed the incident on high dimension/high control crisis.

Where the female convicts worse that the male convicts Essay

Where the female convicts worse that the male convicts - Essay Example Other historians emphasize that the events that took part in Australia at that particular point in time cannot be forgotten not in the decades to come since the suffering that the Australian women went through is almost unheard of. This work shall aim at conducting an intense research on the sufferings that women went through in the era of colonization; thereafter comparing it with that of men, and taking a stand that the women actually went through immense suffering. In the research conducted by Association of Industrial Relations Academics of Australia and New Zealand Conference, Association of Industrial Relations Academics of Australia and New Zealand (2001) the period of colonization in Australia saw the breeding of slaves in the form of women, as compared to wives, as nature depicts. Additionally, a huge percentage of women at that time were reduced to prostitutes especially in the first fifty years of colonization. In specific dates, the period between 1788–1840 marked women as mere prostitutes to the colonizers (Daniels, 1998; Robson, 1993). This was based on the fact that all women that had been transported to Britain were mere slaves and objects of the colonizers. In light to this argument, therefore, the colonizers justified themselves as having the full right and obligation to do what they wanted with the women of that particular period of time. Under the punitive colony of the time, the white women were categorized as convicts of the time; as well as the social stratification of the time subjected the women to such tough circumstances. In fact, the concept of women being slaves and objects of the time became a stereotype. The same was applied to a great percentage of women who were transported to the colony at that particular time. With this change of status of women being free beings to objects, the extent of suffering on them under the punitive colony can simply not be interpreted in words, but in the feeling one gets as they browse throug h the films and works of historians of the time. In the research conducted by Barker and Chalus (2005), the convicts that were transported to Australia comprised 11% of women. The women have been indicated to perform numerous jobs like needlework, worked as maids for the masters, servants amongst other factors. The conditions in which these women worked were not appealing at all. Having been conversant with these skills, the women were expected to work at odd hours of the day and night so as to always please the colonial masters. Worse still, the women were expected to adapt to the environmental conditions in their new homes, no matter how difficult it was for majority of the women. In contrast to 89% of the men who arrived in Australia, the 11% cannot be ignored especially being the women subjected to hard labor and torture (Damousi, 1997). Generally, the women were simply stacked together like boxes and regarded as whores who were useless. The term being stamped and repeated in th e history of Australia means that the extent of torture and degradation of the women was indeed not to be ignored. By 1841, studies indicate that the number of female convicts stood at over three thousand as compared to that of twenty eight thousand. In comparison to the 188 convict females in 1788, and 529 males, it is evident that the number of women convicts increased as much as that of the men (Daniels, 1998). The women are indicated to suffer twice as much as that of the men, with the demand for their services augmenting. In the colonies, there existed factories run by women. This is yet evidence that explains women

Migration Impact on the UK's Economy between 2005 and 2015 Dissertation

Migration Impact on the UK's Economy between 2005 and 2015 - Dissertation Example Interpretation of the findings will help the researcher to draw inference to the research questions or the main agenda of the research and accordingly arrive at the conclusion. Chapter 2: Literature Review World migration and economic growth is considered to be an ever-researched subject in the contemporary economics. S. P. Kerr and W. R. Kerr have defined net migration in an economy during a particular period of time as the difference between total number of immigrants and emigrants within the economy within that specified time period. In this context, immigrants are defined as the individuals who migrate or shift to another country whereas emigrants of an economy are those who shift from other economies to a particular economy within the specified time period. In this chapter, global migration and the tendency behind this, the effect of migration on a particular economy and finally, the consequences faced by the economy of United Kingdom will be analysed in the light of theoretical framework and economic models. 2.1. Economic Factors Influencing Migration According to the economists, economic migration occurs mostly due to the influence of two discrete factors. These are as follows: 2.1.1. Push Factors Many economists such as Boyle, Halfacree and Robinson have identified that lack of economic opportunities, scope for higher education, quality jobs in both technical and non-technical sectors act as push factors and drives individuals to migrate in other part of the world.

Role of Culture Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Role of Culture - Research Paper Example Introduction Before going into the discussion regarding role of culture in a country, let us get a better understanding of what culture actually is. Culture represents the customs and traditions of people living in any specific society. Kartha (n.d.) states, â€Å"Culture is something that a person learns from his family and surroundings, and is not ingrained in him from birth†. It is a pattern of such behaviors and characteristics, which a person needs to learn if he or she wants to survive in a society in an appropriate manner. In this paper, we will not only discuss the role which culture plays in the lives of people living in Puerto Rico but also we will examine the culture of Puerto Rico from different aspects, such as, education, business management, communication, politics, food, religion, and etiquettes. Role of Culture in a Country Culture plays a critical role in shaping the behaviors and characteristics of people living in any specific country. Culture shapes the wa y the citizens communicate with each other. It gives an identity to the people of a country, which differentiates them from the people of other countries. Culture is the backbone of every society or any country. Every country has a different culture, which differentiates from the cultures of other countries. ... â€Å"Usually, people who settle in other nations imbibe the new culture, while at the same time strive to preserve their own† (Kartha, n.d.). Cultural Influences of Puerto Rico Culture plays its role in setting the dimensions for the economic progress of Puerto Rico. Beautiful landscapes and rich culture of Puerto Rico provide a sensual feast for the visitors (Beasley, 2010). Culture is involved in every aspect of the country’s growth and development. Some of the most common fields in which culture holds a very significant position include education, business management, communication, politics, food, religion, etiquettes, and gender roles. Let us discuss how culture makes an impact on the progress and development of Puerto Rico, which is an unincorporated territory of the United Sates of America. Impact on Education Culture has a very significant impact on the education of Puerto Rico. Cultural tendencies influence the way students participate in the process of learni ng. Understanding of the culture also influences perception and awareness of the students, which helps them deal with different challenges regarding education. Improvement in the process of learning is the best example of cultural influence on education in Puerto Rico. Students improve their process of learning when their teachers emphasize on mental representations, visual learning strategies, and hands on learning. In Puerto Rico, it is one of the main responsibilities of a teacher to integrate the elements of culture in the process of educating the children because in this way, children can become familiar with norms and values of their own culture. Those students, who learn the values of their cultures and exhibit them throughout their educational career, achieve

Strategic Human Resource Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Strategic Human Resource Management - Assignment Example The coverage of HRM also extends to a comprehensive approach to the workplace environment and culture, towards enabling the staff of the organization – participate actively and productively, in the overall direction of the organisation and the pursuit towards its goals and objectives. HRM has been shifting from the traditional administrative, personnel and transactional roles, which are often outsourced. The real purpose of HRM in today’s business world is to add value to strategic utilization of staffs, and that staff programs impact on the outcomes of the organization in measurable ways (Nkomo, Fottler & McAfee, 2010, p. 52). This leads to HRM metrics and measurements as well as strategic direction – towards demonstrating value addition. Strategic HRM as housed under the HRM function is designed to aid organizations – to best manage the needs of their employees, while promoting the goals of the company. It focuses around the proactive management of staff s. It involves envisioning and planning ways to meet the needs of the employees effectively – so that they can work towards meeting the needs of the organization in an effective manner. ... In the early 1980s, American Business School professionals published different articles and books in support of HRM concepts and the volatility of the business environment – which present heterogeneity and conflicts (Soderlund & Bredin, 2006, p. 249-251). Due to its many influences and the diverse origins, HRM encompasses central characteristics of importance to organizations: practice, individual, educational theory, industrial relations, practice, social and organizational psychology, and organizational theory (Soderlund & Bredin, 2006, p. 242-265). Till today, there is not any universally accepted definition of HRM and what it covers in every-day business. However, satisfactory definitions define the field as 1) a management responsibility that focuses on managerial functions 2) management philosophy that emphasizes on people treatment and 3) managing the interactions between an organization and its employees (Soderlund & Bredin, 2006). Due to the conflict in the theoretica l notion and the hypothetical discrepancy about the definition, the Mathis and Jackson (2011) defintion will be used for this review – as it better explains and covers major areas of the study. According to Mathis and Jackson (2011), it is the philosophy of managing staff resources, based on the understanding that human resources are vital towards the sustenance of business success. An organization creates competive advantage through using its human resources effectively – drawing on their ingenuity and expertise to meet organizational goals and objectives. The funtion of HRM is focused around the recruitment of flexible, capable and devoted

Diversity in organization Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Diversity in organization - Research Paper Example Hence proper management of diverse workforce is acutely necessary for the organizations. Table of Contents Table of Contents 3 Introduction 4 The evolving concept of diversity 4 Multiculturalism 5 Benefits of diversity in workforce for for-profit business organizations 6 Challenges faced by the organization due to diverse workforce 6 Conclusion 7 References 8 Introduction The world is changing rapidly and the concept of diversity has become a truism in current times (Rosado, 2006). Change in the view of the world is more vividly visible since the onset of the twenty-first century. At present diversity has been acknowledged in social and business layers, which include variety in labor force, civil rights of the human being, their property right and living and working conditions of the people. In the different industrialized countries across the globe, instances of demographically diversified labor force are increasing. In many countries gender relations are changing swiftly and the ef fect of this change is visible in the business sphere. With rapid globalization, the number of emigrant workers is increasing and recent trend shows that immigration is taking place into the developed countries of the world (Dumont, Spielvogel & Widmaier, 2010). The structure of labor population is also changing with the aging population in the developed countries, due to which the labor intensive organizations are facing higher diversity in their workforce. Increased diversification within workgroups or labor force has to be dealt sincerely through efficient diversity management. Such changes cast potentially important impact on group performance within organizations. According to Bleijenbergh, Peters and Poutsma (2010) diversity management in an organization further encourages the organization to attain their strategic goals. It allows inclusion of diverse employee categories and provides scope to the organization to allow individual development of its employees. Diversity managem ent in business supports creation and retention â€Å"of equal opportunities† (Bleijenbergh, Peters & Poutsma, 2010, p. 414). In the long term it helps to create a sustainable employment situation and leads to profitable business. The evolving concept of diversity The needs of this century pose the demand for a mass of citizens â€Å"that is culturally sensitive and internationally focused, with an orientation toward the future rather than the past† (Rosado, 2006, p. 1). Recent research works reveal that diversity management has come through over the years. There has been a gradual change in the purpose of diversity management from the ‘purpose of exclusion’ to the ‘purpose of inclusion’. In the beginning of the twenty-first century there was no definite established pattern or model for the organizations to follow while dealing with diversity related to physical, biological and social or cultural differences. Any behavior or attitude that belo nged to outside of the ‘norm’ prevalent in the particular society were identified as diversity and were dealt with the policy of â€Å"exclusion and control† (Rosado, 2006, p. 4). With the passage of time, particularly in the profit oriented corporate firms, organizational policy of dealing with diversity has changed; today in order to realize the maximum potential

Federal Landham Law and California Trade Secret Essay

Federal Landham Law and California Trade Secret - Essay Example The Federal Lanham Law has been able to deal with critical societal issues and thus making it a relevant act. For instance, it helps to curb contravention of unregistered brand names, service marks, phony advertisements, product disparagement and trade dress. Most importantly, this act has turned to be the standard medium for assertions of violation of trade dress not that are not registered in the form of both products and services. As a result, the state courts are apparently formulating rules and tapering requirements so as to put frontiers on assertions of trade dress breach (Miller 83). This act clearly depicts criticisms as to what makes up trademark infringement, resultant court decisions. Though, brand names particularly those that involve the internet, there seem to be some sort of laxity. Principally the Lanham law has, civil and criminal requirements for desecrations of their particular provisions, it also offers civil remedies in the event of exclusive rights infringement (Belmas 67). Federal Lanham Law also verifies the civil remedies in cases where an action of intrusion has been brought forward by the ultimate owner. If the central government chooses to impeach organizations or individuals for any of the above violations, the detention terms are clearly set forth in the Lanham’s law and it explicitly describes the offense and also it discerns the criminal fine to be paid in cash. On the other hand, there have been continuous arguments about this law. The question of whether this law has really brought constructive development especially in the field of intellectual assets, is still leaving a lot of uncertainty. It does not seem to resolve the conflict of consumer confusion and unfair competition. It appears more as a gratuitous expansion of restricted rights, diminishing the store of existing designs and symbols that are essential for the sort of liberated competition that should be of benefit to the welfare of the consumer. Critics view t his act as a bad idea with the intention of hurting intellectual property. Nevertheless; others acclaim it as a suitable and very grand weapon in the endless fight against advertising and sales strategies that are a basis of consumer confusion and fraud. In conclusion, this is one of the preeminent acts that have ever been adopted as it entirely protects persons against the high rates of fraud (Belmas 122). California is among the states that have taken up this trade secret act. The California trade secret commonly known as (CUTSA) was agreed to with the aim of promoting, rewarding innovations and technological advancement and to sustain commercial ethics. The endorsement of CUTSA gave a platform of unitary descriptions of trade secret misuse. CUTSA, overtly states that it does not prevent assertions based upon violation of contract, unlawful remedies, or other allegations that do not have their basis on trade secret. Just like the other trade secret laws, this act primarily forbids misuse of trade secrets. In addition, this law also compels criminal penalties in cases where trade secrets are stolen. Misuse of these operational secrets comprises theft, corruption, falsification, infringement or enticement of a violation of an obligation to keep secrecy, or surveillance through electronic or any other means. However, independent derivation

Guillain-Barre Syndrome Essay Example for Free

Guillain-Barre Syndrome Essay Guillain-Barre’ syndrome is a disorder in which your body’s immune system attacks your nerves. The exact cause of this syndrome is unknown, but it is however often preceded by an infectious illness such as a respiratory infection or the stomach flu. Luckily Guillain-Barre’ syndrome is uncommon, only affecting 1 or 2 people per 100,000. Guillain-Barre’ syndrome often begins with tingling and weakness starting in your feet and legs and spreading to upper body and arms. In some people however, symptoms begin in the arms or even face. As the disorder progresses, muscle weakness can evolve into paralysis. Signs and symptom may include: * Prickling, â€Å"pins and needle† sensations in fingers, toes or both * Weakness or tingling in legs that spreads to upper body * Unsteady walking or inability to walk * Difficulty in eye movement, facial movement, speaking, chewing or swallowing * Severe low back pain * Difficult in bladder/intestinal control functions * Rapid heart rate * Low or high blood pressure * Difficulty in breathing Most people with this experience their most significant weakness within 4 weeks after symptoms begin. In some cases, signs and symptoms may progress very rapidly, within a few hours. Guillain-Barre can affect all age groups. May be triggered by: most commonly an infection with Campylobacter, a type of bacteria found often in undercooked food, especially poultry. Mycoplasma pneumonia, surgery, Epstein-Barr virus, influenza, Hodgkin’s disease, mono, HIV, and rarely rabies or influenza immunizations. This syndrome affects your nerves and may prompt a domino-like effect in other systems in your body. Some complications may include: breathing difficulties. Residual numbness/tingling, full recovery may be slow often taking a year or longer, however between 20 and 30 % of patients have an incomplete recovery. Cardiovascular problems. Pain. Blood clots. Pressure sores. Guillain-Barre can be difficult to diagnose in it’s early stages. The first step is a careful review of your medical history. Then a spinal tap, and nerve tests. The most common treatment is plasmapheresis- which is also known as plasma exchange. Intravenous immunoglobulin. And as recovery begind physical therapy usually is needed to help regain strength and proper movement.

The Causes Of Increase In Housing Price

The Causes Of Increase In Housing Price House is one of the important elements in basic human needs. However, one will consider the price of a house before purchasing. It is important to gather information before purchasing a house because it is a long term investment. A house must be comfortable to stay in. However, we cannot deny the fact that the housing price today is not the same as price in the last few decades. 1.2 Problem Statement Over the past few decades, the housing price has shown increments as times goes by. It is no doubt that the longer the period of time the higher the price of housing. This is a big issue to be taken into consideration. It is considered an important issue because house is one of the important basic human needs. Therefore, being concerned about the housing price is a must and the factors that contribute to the increase of housing price need to be determined. 1.3 Research Objectives The following are the objectives of this research : 1. To determine the causes of increase in housing price. 2. To evaluate the price of housing in the future. 3. To identify the effect of increase in housing price. 1.4 Scope Limitations of the Study In order to gather the information for this research, I have gathered some reliable information through the internet. I have chosen few journals as important additional information. Next, secondary data will be used in order to fulfill the objectives of this research. The limitation of this study is that the best method to be used is hard to choose. There are few methods to be chosen in order to determine the price of housing. In addition, the time given to complete this is limited as many other things need to be taken into consideration. 1.5 Significance of the Problem By doing research on the housing price, the factors that lead to the increase of housing price can be determined. The housing price in the future can be forecasted as well. The important of doing this research on the housing price is that, it will give positive impact to the government. It can help the government to predict or estimates the price of housing in the future. These can wider the awareness of the price of housing which is now in high rate. This research will also can be an advantage for the housing developers in determining the housing price by identification of the factors that lead to the housing price estimation. Moreover, this research is also important to individual who will purchase house in the future. This will give awareness to the individual regarding the housing price and help them to figure out the best decision in purchasing a house. 2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Introduction Literature review is one of the important elements in research in order to gain broader ideas. According to Uma Sekaran (2006), literature review can be defined as a broad documentation review by which published and unpublished work from secondary data in the areas of a particular interest to the researcher. It discusses the importance of the subject, the type of theory or method used in the research and as well as to provide with the background and history of a particular area. Furthermore, there are 3 steps in the literature review process. Firstly is to identify the various material and access, secondly to gather the relevant information, and thirdly to write up the literature review. A good research should consist of eight important elements including purposiveness, validity, replicability, generalisability, objectivity, reliability, testability, and able to create a new thing or better known as rigor. We can gather literature review sources through books, reports, monograph, the sis, conference proceeding, working papers, and the most commonly used by many is the journal research articles. 2.2 Literature Review The Determination of Housing Price House is one of the important elements in basic human needs. People need a house to stay away from danger, hot weather, rainy day and as well as a place to stay calm. As long as people can fill the comfort of living under a roof then it is called a house. However, the things that matter is that the affordability of a person to purchase a house. Some people can afford a house that is really comfortable to stay in and some not. People who are called the rich and famous can afford a house that is almost called a heaven and some can only lives in an ordinary but comfortable house. But it doesnà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢t matter how our house may look like because the price of house is what that matter. We can see that the housing price is increasing as the time goes by. This may be an important area to look upon because more or less it could affect the economic level of a country. Therefore, a housing price can be defined as the rate of payment that one has to pay in order to purc hase a house and for sure there are several factors that lead to housing price determination. In my own point of view, I believe that the increment of a housing price is due to the price increment in the raw material. Many may have similar idea but after looking into 10 journals as references for my propose topic, I have found out several more important variables that leads to the factors of housing price determination. There are few number of knowledgeable individual turned up and able to find the contributing factors in determination of housing price. One who has studied using an empirical analysis has shown that income (demography trends) and nominal interest rates are the key explanatory factors in housing price. On the other hand, the equity returns may also have been an influential factor in the determination o housing price (Pages Maza, 2003). In other studies shown that, the empirical approach, panel unit root test, panel co-integration, and error correction model were applied in the research. The result is similar in which the level of income and interest rate were the main factors. But it was tested in a different method whereby the current level of income and interest rates determine how much an individual can borrow from financial institutions in order to purchase a house. This decision of how much the borrower can borrow from the bank or financial institutions is one of a way to determine the level of house price (McQuinn Oà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢Rielly, 2007). For example, the higher the interest rate, the higher the price of housing. However, another different point of view can be found in the study of Yazgi Dokmeci (2007), in which, applied the multiple regression model and it was found that the most important factor affecting the housing prices is the size of the floor area. The second and third most effective factors are the road surface ratio and the floor area, and fourth factor is the distance of housing to the seashore. This means, the bigger the size of floor the more money a purchaser will have to pay. This study is obviously different from the previous study. It looked upon the geographical area. The studies of Hiebert Roma (2010) by using the empirical and regression analysis have shown that even though a particular location is associated with facilities, population differences across cities influenced more. Therefore, even if a particular location is fully facilitated, people will still prefer living among a population. Other studies that used the new quarterly regional panel data set shown that out of 14 regions, there were 11 regions that have the major impacts in term of housing services and amenity values. The price expectations that is predictable contribute to the increased of housing price. Thus, it was found that the price of housing is influenced by the regional economic activity, the regional housing stock and the user cost of capital (Grimes et al, 2004). In another different study, correlation and multiple regression analysis was applied by a Malaysian namely Tan. The study shown that the Malaysiansà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢ per capita income, unemployment rate, total loans to housing and KLSE Composite Index plays important role in the movement of Malaysian house price. This means, the economic and financial factors were identified as applicable in determining the demand and supply of housing units. In a study of Allen et al (2006), by using the empirical analysis, new house price, union wages, issuance of building permit contributes in the housing price rate. According to Yan et al (2010), an empirical analysis and the error correction model error correction shown that land supply has a major impact on house price fluctuations while demand factors such as user costs, income and residential mortgage loan have greater influences. In the long run, the price is influenced by the land supply and the financial system. However, in the short run, the changes in land supply and financial system will then effect on the user costs, income, and residential mortgage loan. To add more, the demand factors which consist of the user cost, income, and residential mortgage loan is found to give greater impact in the price fluctuations of housing price. Again in other studies of McMillen (2003) using the Fourier repeat sales approach, it was found that income and population can influenced the prices of house. However, he then found out that people with higher income moved into the older part of the area in Chicago city due to the increasing housing cost. In another study of Hilbers et al (2008), the empirical analysis shown that user costs, demographic (age, gender, income) factors and output gives impact in the determination of housing price. It was found that the most influential factors were the income and the user costs. After went through the journals on housing, it helps to indentify and considered the contributing factors in the determination of housing price. I have found out several factors that contribute in the determination of housing price. Those factors I have found includes the interest rate, income, geographical area, population, unemployment rate, housing loan, KLSE Composite Index, user cost and as well the economic activity and regional housing stock. But, the most common factors are the interest rate, income, population, and user costs. In another way, it also helps to figure out the type of analysis or framework that had already been used as a method in research. As an advantage, it will help to determine which method is the best choice to be used in the research. Therefore, when the method to be used is already discovered, it will enable researcher to formulate suitable theory in order to test or formulate hypotheses. 2.3 Conceptual Framework Interest rate Income Housing Price User costs Land supply Financial system Population Conceptual framework or better known as the Theoretical framework is a conceptual model of how one came up with a theory or to make a logical sense of the relationship among the identified factors of a particular problem. It consists of the independent variables on the left side while the dependent variable on the right side as the above sketches of theoretical framework. The independent variable can be defined as one lends itself. On the other hand, the dependent variable does not lend itself. In addition, variables refer to anything that differ values. The independent variables consist of interest rate, income, user costs, land supply, financial system, and population. Interest rate refers to the interest rate on bank loans or land value. When interest rate increases, the house price will increase too. Income is one important element in determining the housing price, whereby, income may determine that a house can be afforded or not. User costs refer to the cost by a particular person. It plays an important role because the when user cost doesnà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¾Ã‚ ¢t exist then it is not easy to determine the price of house. Land supply is also an important factor whereby a land needed an approval before building a house on it. Financial system refers to the housing loan from bank, residential mortgage loan or the conditions of economic of a particular country. Population refers to the people living in an area. More population means demand on housing will increasing and therefore leads to supply of housing. On the other hand, the dependent variable only consist of one variable in which the housing price. The housing price depends on the any changes in the independent variables. Small changes in one of the independents variable will give effect in the determination of housing price. 2.4 Conclusion In conclusion, it is no doubt that there are various factors that contributes in the determination of housing price. From the journals, we can gain some ideas on what are the important variables that need to be included in determining the housing price. Therefore, the best method can be selected and data can be analyzed in order to find the solution on the problem. The hypothesis can be tested as well. 3.0 DATA METHODOLOGY 3.1 Introduction In order to conduct a research on determination of housing price, secondary data will be used. Secondary data can be gained through the data base. Moreover, the methods for this research is used to analyzed the data and later fulfill the objectives of the research. 3.2 Data, Population, Sampling Method In order to conduct this research, the secondary data will be used. The data is gathered through the World Bank and Bank Reserve of New Zealand. The population of this research will be the country New Zealand. This is because this research will focus in the housing price determination in New Zealand. According to Uma Sekaran (2006), population can be defined as the whole group of people or things in a research area that a researcher need to investigate. For instance, if a researcher wants to investigate the awareness of health in a specific firm, then the population will be all the employees in that specific firm, let say Dell Company. Therefore, on the other hand, the population for this research is the country New Zealand. This is due to the determination of housing price will be studied based on the New Zealand data. Sampling is the process whereby the researcher selects the specific number from the population to be analyzed. Sampling is important because it will save time and cost. It is divided into probability sampling and non probability sampling. 3.3 Analysis of Data In order to analyze the data, unit root test will be used. The unit root test is useful in order to determine the best forecasting model to be used in the research. It is also useful to test the availability of the time series data whether it is stationary or non stationary by using the auto regression model. Moreover, the time series analysis will then be used in order to determine the price of housing in the future. This will also includes the ARIMA model in order forecast the housing price in the future. 3.4 Hypothesis Development Hypothesis can be referred as a statement of two or more variables that is testable. It consists of the if-then statement. For instance, if the price of commodity increases, then income will increase as well. It can also be written in other way, whereby, there is a relationship between both price of commodity and income. Hypothesis are classified into two types, whereby, the directional and the non directional hypothesis. The null and alternate hypothesis can either be rejected or accepted in accordance with the result from the test of the variables. 3.5 Summary The data and methodology are two elements that need to be taken into consideration before conducting a research. It is better to make sure the availability of data before one proceeds to do research. The population and sampling need to be firstly indentified. After that, the methods to be used must be proper and a wise choice in order to gain more accurate result. When data is already gathered and analyzed, hypothesis can then be tested.

Brexit: Causes and Reactions to the Vote to Leave the EU

Brexit: Causes and Reactions to the Vote to Leave the EU United Kingdoms Exit from the European Union Abstract This paper discusses the recent decision and vote in the United Kingdom (UK) to break from the European Union (EU) after being a member for over 40 years.   Many factors went into the people’s decision to leave the EU and even then, the vote to leave was very close, with the majority winning by a relatively slim number.   Those who voted to leave think it is the correct move for the UK, just as those who voted against the separation think there could be negative effects. Even though the majority of voters voted to leave the EU, it will still take years before the process can be completed due to legal aspects that must be adhered too.   This does not include that fact that no country has ever left the EU, so there are some areas of uncertainty as well.   Even then, there is still a possibility that the British Prime Minister may over rule the vote and decide to remain in the EU, even if against voters’ wishes. United Kingdom Exit from the European Union When it comes to politics, everyone has their own opinion on what is best and what is not.   To each individual, they feel that their views are correct, and often times the other side is incorrect in their way of thinking.   Now imagine taking that to a much larger scale and instead of just having a difference of opinion in politics and what political party should run a country for the coming years, include the actual fate of a country.   This is exactly what the United Kingdom (UK) did in June 2016.   They held a vote for what direction the UK would take for the years to come.   This vote was to determine whether or not to remain a part of the European Union (EU), which they had been a member of for over 40 years.   As with any major decision that impacts a country, there are those that feel the move to break away was the right decision and the UK will be better off, since they will not have to abide by the rules that have been imposed by the EU.   Just as there are those that feel that leaving the EU is a major mistake and feel that the break from the EU will be disastrous.   This exiting of the United Kingdom has been called Brexit, which is essentially short for Britain and exit.  Ã‚   Being part of the EU has many advantages for those living in the UK.   It is not just financially advantageous or beneficial to have strength in number to being a member a of the EU.   According to Occupytheory.org (2014), six advantages of being a member of the EU are: Low prices of goods – there exists a ‘Single Market’ for all member countries wherein products are low-priced and there are no charges when it comes to custom tax; custom tax is usually charged when goods are transported or sold between states/countries but this is not applied among member countries.Citizens are free to move from one member country to another – citizens can freely travel, study, work, or live in any European country of their choice.More jobs are generated – more or less than 3.5 million jobs have been generated over the years.Development of deprived regions – some member countries of the EU are economically deprived and through the ‘European Structural Funds’, deprived regions are developed.Louder voice – the EU is able to ensure that all their concerns are taken seriously and heard internationally since it speaks in behalf of millions of people.Workers are protected – this is made possible through t he European Working Time Directive; the directive includes regulations regarding holidays, working hours, breaks, etc. Essentially, the EU is what is known as a single market.   What that means is that members of the EU have free roam of all EU nations.   They can free travel between countries without having to have a passport or other travel documents required by people from outside the EU.   It also allows for people to more easily work and live outside of their home country.   It also helped with trade among EU nations as they did not have to pay tariffs for trade amongst each other. Just as there are advantages of being a member of the EU, there are also disadvantages.   According to Tejvan Pettinger (n.d.), six disadvantages of being a member of the EU are: Cost.   The costs of EU members to the UK is  £15bn gross (0.06% of GDP) – or  £6.883 billion net.Inefficient policies.   A large percentage (40%) of UE spending goes on Common Agricultural Policy.Problems of the Euro.  Ã‚   Members of the EU doesn’t necessarily mean membership of the EURO.Pressure towards austerity.   Since 2008, many southern European countries have faced pressure from the EU to pursue austerity – spending cuts to meet budget deficit targets, but in the middle of a recession these austerity measures have contributed to prolonged economic stagnation.Net migration.   Free movement of labour has caused problems of overcrowding in UK cities.More bureaucracy less democracy.   It is argued that the EU has created extra layers of bureaucracy whilst taking away decision making process further from local communities. When it came time for the referendum, or vote, for whether or not to stay within the EU, nearly 30 million people voted, which equated to an approximate 71.8% voter turnout.   Once the votes were in, the margin of victor was relatively small.   The percentage of votes to Leave was 51.9% and percentage of votes to stay was 48.1%, which means that the Leave vote only won by only 3.8 percent.   It was not just Great Britain that was voting and would be impacted by the UK leaving the EU, due to the UK being made up of three other countries as well:   Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland.   With the exception of the vote in Scotland, votes from the other three countries taking part in the UK vote were fairly close.   The over breakdown was â€Å"England voted for Brexit, by 53.4% to 46.6%.   Wales also voted for Brexit, with Leave getting 52.5% of the vote and Remain 47.5%.   Scotland and Northern Ireland both backed staying in the EU.   Scotland backed Remain by 62% t o 38%, while 55.8% in Northern Ireland voted Remain and 44.2% Leave.†Ã‚   (Hunt & Wheeler, 2017).     Ã‚   Considering the vote, why did the vote to leave the EU come about in the first place?   For years, the UK Independence Party has campaigned to leave the EU.   They felt that the UK was being held back by the EU due to the rules and restrictions that were placed on businesses.   There was also the matter of the amount of money that the UK paid annually to be a member of the EU.   They were paying billions of pounds each year, but they did not feel that they were getting enough in return for what they paid.   Border control was another issue that was used as part of the Leave campaign.   Due to EU borders rules, the UK was limited on what they could do in regards to controlling their border and the amount of immigration.   Since members of the EU had open borders to other EU nations, people from poorer countries wanted to move to richer countries to live and work, thus creating a influx of people.   There was also concern that this influx of people was taking needed res ources and jobs from those already living in the UK.   This in turn took away jobs and added to the welfare system.   The members of the Independence Party and their supporters are not opposed to immigration, that just wanted to be able to control the numbers and who came into the country and they were unable to do that under EU rules.   When it came to the Leave campaign the Independence Party had support from other public officials.   They had approximately half of the Conservative Party Members of Parliament (MP) and some of the Labour Party MPs.   One other group that was significant was the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) out of Northern Ireland.   Although Northern Ireland voted to Remain, the DUP most likely helped to keep the vote closer then it could have been, similar to how the vote went in Scotland.   There was also a concern that the EU was trying to create more a single country, similar to the Untied States of America.   This would then take away indivi dual countries identities, as they would be unified.   â€Å"One of the major sticking points in the conversation has been immigration concerns, as some Brits worry that the countrys employment market and social services will drown under the weight of too many new residents. Theres also the worry that upper-crust elites and Brussels bureaucrats are pushing for a continental identity that diminishes the U.K.s own sense of self.†Ã‚   (Rosenfeld, 2016). When it came for the campaign to stay in the EU, there was no real added bonus, besides remaining a member of the EU.   The argument was that being a member of the EU helped economically due to single market trade.   They tried to battle to immigration fears by saying that the people that were immigrating to the UK where helping and were not creating a burden, since they came to work which in turn helped the economy.   The strongest argument to Remain was that they are more powerful in numbers.   The UK on its own does not have as big a voice, since they would be a single entity, as opposed to being one of 27 other countries who could stand together as one, thus making them more powerful due to numbers and economics. Although the exact numbers are not known on what demographic voted the most and whether or not they voted for Leave or Remain, there is an idea due to polling that was conducted after the referendum.   â€Å"The results found that 64% of those young people who were registered did vote, rising to 65% among 25-to-39-year-olds and 66% among those aged between 40 and 54. It increased to 74% among the 55-to-64 age group and 90% for those aged 65 and over. It is thought that more than 70% of young voters chose to remain in the EU.†Ã‚   (Helm, 2017).   What this shows is that the highest voter percentage turnout was from the older generation, increasing with each age group.   What was the most surprising though is the high number of voter turnout for young voters, with young voters being between the age of 18-24.   There was even some speculation as to what would have happened if 16-17 year olds had been allowed to vote due to that being a possible 1.6 million additional vote rs, which could have made the referendum a lot closer.   Even with these numbers, there is no way to know if it would have been enough to sway the vote to Remain. Since the outcome of the referendum has been determined and the UK will leave the EU, what are the steps for this to take place since it is not as easy as just not being part of the EU one day?   The uncertainty of it all is that this has never been done, due to   Article 50 only came into existence in 2009.   Article 50 is what created a way for a member country of the EU to leave. To start, it will take at least two years for everything to be negotiated for its withdrawal from the EU.   During this time the UK will still abide by EU rules, but they will not be able to take part in any decision-making process.   According to Hunt & Wheeler (2017), as posted on BBC News, the following are the steps needed for the UK to leave the EU, to include a legal challenge to invoke Article 50: November 2016:   Legal challenge to government’s right to invoke Article 50 without consulting Parliament succeeds.   MPs approve bill in March 2017.Two year time limit begins.29 March 2017:   UK invokes Article 50 of the Treaty on European Union.Remaining 27 EU countries meet 29 April to discuss withdrawal.Negotiations begin between UK and EU.Draft deal put to European Council (27 members).Needs approval from at least 20 countries with 65% of the population.Ratification by European ParliamentUK introduces Great Repeal Bill to revoke the 1972 European Communities Act.After two years, negotiations can be extended if all 27 countries agree but if not EU treaties cease to apply to the UK.The UK leaves the European UnionGreat Repeal Act comes into force, copying EU laws into UK law, to give time for UK to amend or repeal them. Besides the political and bureaucratic process that has to be completed by the politicians, as well as questions they need answered, there are still questions from the voter as to what happens next and these questions will need to be answered during the two year exit process.  Ã‚   Some people are worried about the safety of their products, but this is unlikely to change due to creating two items.   Others are worried about their health care and if they will be able to continue with their health care if they live abroad.   That in of itself is another question.   What happens to the people from the UK that already are living or working in another EU country or those from another country working in the UK.   For UK citizens working outside of the UK and non UK citizens working in the UK, most likely nothing will change.   They will be able to continue working where they are.   For those planning on retiring outside of the UK, that could be another question and will have to be part of the decision making process for all those involved within the UK government and the EU, since this type of movement was under the freedom of movement that was allowed as a member of the EU.   People are concerned about the housing market being impacted.   There has been a slight decrease in the housing market from June to December 2016.   Business owners are worried about having to pay tariffs once Brexit takes effect, since they have not had to pay tariffs as part of the EU.   This is another situation that will have to be negotiated during the exit process between the UK and the EU.   â€Å"People are also worried about the economy itself. The U.K.s Treasury itself reported that its analysis showed the nation would be permanently poorer if it left the EU and adopted any of a number of likely alternatives. Productivity and  GDP  per person would be lower in all these alternative scenarios, as the costs would substantially outweigh any potential benefit of leaving the EU (Rosenfeld, 2016).   Some people even think that the economy will become weaker due to reduced contributions from immigrants.   The Internationla Monetary Fund, along with the Bank of England, have said that there could be long term economic impacts. Besides the EU, it is possible that the financial impact to be felt globally. â€Å"In Europe, the EU could run into economic trouble for a couple of reasons. The lengthy and as-yet ambiguous exit negotiations could cripple investment, as mentioned above, but they could also lead to  more exits.†Ã‚   (Rosenfeld, 2016).   With the EU being a single market when it comes to trade, it has been advantageous for businesses due to no tariffs when crossing European country lines.   However, businesses are concerned that due to the UK’s exit, they channels of free trade could go away, thus making it more expensive to ship goods in and out of the UK.   This may make companies want to leave the UK for other European countries who still are in the single market.   This could impact billions of dollars.   Brexit could also end up impacting the U.S.   â€Å"In the U.S., billions, if not trillions, of dollars could be called into question by a British exit: In 2014, Ame rican direct investment into the EU totaled about 1.81 trillion euros, and about 1.99 trillion euros flowed in the opposite direction,  according to the European Commission.†Ã‚   (Rosenfeld, 2016).   It is not just Europe and the U.S. that have these fears, but multiple other global companies that do business with the UK and the EU.   Just like with the stock market, when something bad happens in one country, it can be felt in various forms across the globe, due to the would be more globalized and working together.   With many of those that voted to Leave, they are not concerned with global corporations or investors in these companies that are looking at the bottom line, not what people think is best for their country. Based on how a member of the UK voted, Leave or Remain, it is fairly easy to determine what they thought about Brexit itself.   However, with the UK exiting the EU and the potential impact it can have on other EU countries, gauging how they feel could either help or hinder the transition and negotiation process due to emotions.  Ã‚   â€Å"A 16-country poll by Ipsos Mori showed that almost half — 48 per cent — of respondents from Sweden said they were dismayed by the UK’s decision. It was a different story in France, where only a quarter of respondents said they were sad about Brexit.† (Mertens, 2016).   The US and Russia were also polled on their feelings of the UK leaving the EU.   Of those polled, in the US, approximately 20% said they were dismayed and the UK’s decision.   In Russia, only about 6% of Russians polled were dismayed, with 54% thinking that the UK deciding to part ways with the EU was a good idea and in their own best inte rest.   However, â€Å"a majority of respondents in most countries felt that Brexit would be bad for the UK economy.   Japan was especially gloomy, with more than two-thirds of respondents expecting Britain to experience an economic downturn.† (Mertens, 2016).   Polls that were conducted can give a general idea of what the common people thought of Brexit, but there were also mixed and neutral thoughts from world leaders.   The following quotes from world leaders, as posted on BBC news Brexit: World reaction as UK votes to leave EU (2016), are just a few of the world leader reactions. This is a painful choice and it is deeply regrettable both for the UK and Europe. But this choice is theirs and we must respect it, accepting all the consequences.† Francois Hollande, French President We take note of the British peoples decision with regret. There is no doubt that this is a blow to Europe and to the European unification process.Angela Merkel, Chancellor of Germany The people of the United Kingdom have spoken, and we respect their decision. The special relationship between the United States and the United Kingdom is enduring, and the United Kingdoms membership in Nato remains a vital cornerstone of US foreign, security, and economic policy.†Ã‚  Barack Obama, US President Victory for freedom! The British people have given to Europeans and to all the people of the world a shining lesson in democracy.Geert Wilders, Dutch Freedom Party leader Its an explosive shock. At stake is the break-up pure and simple of the union.  Now is the time to invent another Europe.Manuel Valls, French Prime Minister Depending on who one asks, there is a difference of opinions on whether or not the UK can survive Brexit.   Tom Campbell (2017) quoted the research director at the Centre for London as saying â€Å"Brown agrees that London will retain its dominance – even if terms are less favourable: â€Å"London has an unrivalled agglomeration of financial and other service firms. Some may relocate, some may choose to expand elsewhere, but many will remain in London.†Ã‚   Just as Richard Brown thinks that the UK will be ok after Brexit, others still hold a different opinion and feel that Brexit will be detrimental for the UK.   Direcctor of World Cities Cultural Forum, Paul Owens, is one of these peole that feels Brexit was bad.   He stated â€Å"There’s no doubt the decision to leave the EU poses a threat to London’s creative economy. The sector has prospered on diversity, free movement of artistic talent and international supply chains. London’s cultural assets are considerable, but it is likely to be diminished over the next decade unless there is a suitable policy response.† (Campbell, 2017).   Ashoka Mody is another believer that the UK will survive Brexit and even points out that much of the UK’s trade is outside of the EU.   â€Å"Following Brexit, productive British trade with the European Union  will survive just fine  wherever it is based on long-lasting economic gains and social relationships. At the same time, the shift toward trade with the faster-growing United States and Asia will continue.† and â€Å"Almost all new British trade is being created outside of Europe.†Ã‚  (Mody, 2016).   So even if members of the EU are initially upset with the UK and make trade difficult initially, the UK still has other sources of economic stability.   Another aspect of why the UK will survive is literally about money. â€Å"As Nobel Prize winning economist Paul Krugman points out, the U.K. has a significant advantage compared to other nations:   they have the British pound.† (Tepper, 2016).   Even with some people thinking that the UK leaving the EU could ending up irreversibly harming the UK, there are still others that have a good understanding of what is going on and understand that although there may be some set backs, thing will not be as bad as some would like things to appear at face value. There are also those that look at whether or not the EU will be able to survive the UK’s departure.   Realistically, those that think the EU can’t not survive without the UK, do not know history, since the UK was not initially part of the EU.   Plus, there multiple other counties that want to the EU.   A potential issue with the countries that want to join, and may be the reason they have not been allowed to join yet, is these countries are poorer countries.   Due to this they would most likely not provide as many resources to into the EU as they would receive.   This is part of the reason the UK voted to Leave, paying more into the EU then they received back.   â€Å"The EU can certainly survive without Britain – but it cannot survive without buy-in from the public. Without a substantial change in how the EU communicates to the people in member countries, there will be a much greater threat to the EU than Brexit – and that threat is the EU it self.† (Can the EU survive after Brexit?, 2017).   Even though the some people do not feel that the future of the UK is a bleak as others would have people believe, they still have an up hill battle ahead of him.   Especially when it comes to to having to renegotiate trade deals within the EU, since the other 27 countries that the UK just divorced are likely to not be overly happy about their departure.   With the EU being the more powerful entity, they may have an upper hand when it comes to the negotiating table.   In an opinion poll that was conducted in 2016, French, German, Swedish, and Finnish feel that when it comes to post-Brexit negotiations, the UK should not receive any favors.   â€Å"Germans and the French were the most opposed to offering Britain a generous deal that pays tribute to Britains role as a neighbour and important trading partner, according to the YouGov survey.   In both countries,  53 per cent of respondents  said it should not expect any favours, compared to  27 per cent who said the EU should offer Britain a generous deal†. (Sims, 2016).   One the flip side of that, people are willing to take a softer stance if the UK is still willing to continue with the free movement of workers and to keep with the pre-Brexit agreements about letting EU citizens to work and live in the EU.   Although that could potentially alleviate some of the Brexit negotiation headaches, at the same time it goes against one of the big reasons that many people wanted to vote Leave.   That is the free movement of people into the UK and not have control of their own border. No matter how it is looked at, the topic of the UK wanting to leave the EU is a hot topic item.   People on both sides of the fence have strong opinions of whether to Leave or Remain, and rightly so considering the referendum was and probably will be one of the most impactful decisions they will see in their life.   It is also hard to say which side is correct in their way of thinking.   One could look at it as the older more experienced generation, choose to leave due to what they have seen and experienced in their life time and tend to have more of a nationalistic point of view.   Just as the younger generation tended to vote to remain, although they do not have as much life experience or have seen as much, they tend to have more of an open mindset of how things should be.   When it came to the vote to leave and the two sides were campaigning for what they thought was right, there seemed to be two main reasons.   The first was the immigration issue and not having conrol of their own borders.   Whether or not the huge influx of immigrants actually took many jobs or economically taxed the UK systems, could be a matter of opinion, depending on how the numbers were spun and ones point of view.   Some even cited the immigration issue as a threat to society due to not border control, so extremists could more easily travel and hide within EU contries.   The other main topic was that many people felt that the EU was holding the UK back due to their rules and regulations.   They felt that it restricted business and did not allow them to thrive they way they felt they could. No matter what the reason, a big concern for many people is whether or not the UK can survive Brexit.   The answer is yes.   Will they be as strong or globally powerful as they were when part of the EU, that is yet to be seen as only time will tell.   However, the UK is still an economic power with many resources and the UK failing would spell global disaster.   So even with the EU being upset up what is going on, it is not in their best interest for the UK to fail.   This does not mean that it will be an easy road for the UK during the two years leading up to their actually departure date.   There are a multitude of negotations that much be completed, with the UK possibly having to not get as good of deals as they would prefer.   There are also many laws within the UK that will need to be looked at and either used, amended, or be thrown out based on what is in their best interest.   All in all, the situation is overcomeable and there will not be any major catastrophi c outcomes that topples a government, although some would believe that is the case.   However, a very real possibility, based on how the transition for the UK goes from being a member of the EU to not being a member of the EU, is if other EU countries will follow suit.   As it is very possibily that the UK could be paving the way for others to follow.   After all, Article 50 came about in 2009 and it only took eight years for an EU member country to use it.   Whose to say that once this divorce of the UK and EU is done, someone else doesn’t follow suit.   That is the EU’s biggest fear. References Advantages and Disadvantages of the European Union. (2014, October 09). Retrieved April 22, 2017, from https://occupytheory.org/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-the-european-union/ Brexit: World reaction as UK votes to leave EU. (2016, June 24). Retrieved April 24, 2017, from http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics.eu.referendum-36614643 Campbell, T. (2017, January 23). Can post-Brexit London survive as Europe’s cultural and financial capital? Retrieved April 24, 2017,   from https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2017/jan/23/post-brexit-london-economic-self-sabotage Can the EU survive after Brexit? (2017, March 23). Retrieved April 24, 2017, from http://www.thenational.ae/opinion/comment/can-the-eu-survive-after-brexit Helm, T. (2016, July 10). EU referendum: youth turnout almost twice as high as first though. Retrieved April 23, 2017, from https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/jul/09/young-people-referendum-turnout-brexit-twice-as-high Hunt, A., & Wheeler, B. (2017, March 30). Brexit: All you need to know about the UK leaving the EU. Retrieved April 23, 2017, from http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-32820887 Mertens, R. (2016, August 5). This is what European countries think about Brexit. Retrieved April 23, 2017, from https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/08/this-is-what-european-countries-think-about-brexit Mody, A. (2016, July 04). Don’t Panic. Britain’s economy can survie just fine outside the European Union. Retrieved April 24, 2017, from http://www.independent.co.uk/news/business/analysis-and-features/don’t-panic-britains-economy-can-survive-just-fine-outside-the-european-union-a7118736.html Pettinger, T. (n.d.). Disadvantages of EU Membership. Retrieved April 23, 2017, from http://www.economicshelp.org/europe/disadvantages-eu/ Rosenfeld, E. (2016, June 24). Brexit 101: What just happened, and why it’s import for regular Americans. Retrieved April 23, 2017, from http://www.cnbc.com/2016/06/21/uk-brexit-what-you-need-to-know.html Sims, A. (2016, July 08). Four European countries reject ‘generous’ Brexit deal with UK, poll finds. Retrieved April 24, 2017, from http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/four-european-countries-reject-generous-brexit-deal-with-uk-poll-finds-a7128001.html Tepper, T. (2016, June 29). Why Brexit Won’t Destroy The UK Economy | Money. Retrieved April 24, 2017, from http://time.com/money/4383549/british-pound-brexit-european-union/

Douglas Egerton’s He Shall Go Out Free Essay -- Douglas Egerton He Sha

Douglas Egerton’s He Shall Go Out Free In a time when revolution swept both Old World and New, it should have been no surprise that eighteenth century Charleston would find revolution fermenting among its slave population. In his book "He Shall Go Out Free", Douglas Egerton describes the life of Denmark Vesey, a freed slave in Charleston, who held a deep and thinly-veiled hatred of slavery and the city’s ruling elite, and was best known for leading a failed attempt at revolt which cost his life. However, Egerton argues one must look beyond the span of Vesey’s lifetime to best understand his impact upon the history of the city. ORIGINS Like most slaves, much about Vesey's early years, including his exact age, family, and nationality, is unknown. The first thing we know about his life was his purchase as a teenager in 1781 from St. Thomas Island, a Dutch colony in the Caribbean, by Joseph Vesey, a slave trader (3). After a short stint as Vesey's cabin boy, he was sold on the island of Saint Domingue, a French colony dominated by sugar plantations where slaves lived short and brutal lives (17). On Saint Domingue, he feigned epileptic seizures to force his return as "damaged goods". Joseph Vesey put him back to work as his cabin boy, as well as translating for slaves (22). When the British evacuated Charleston in December 1782, Joseph Vesey moved his family to the city, bringing Denmark along with him (26). Fluent in English and a quick learner, he was soon busy helping run his owner’s import business, paying taxes and picking up merchandise upon arrival at the city’s docks (33). Nearly twenty years after he arrived in Charleston, luck brought Vesey his freedom. A... ...ir names were a "terror to oppressors." Fiction writers with anti-slavery views included characters similar to Vesey in their stories (226). CONCLUSION In his life, Denmark Vesey was virtually powerless member of Charleston’s small society of free blacks in the years between the American Revolution and Civil War. He spent years expressing his disgust of slavery, and his one effort to strike back was quickly rolled up and brutally eliminated. In light of this, there is great irony in how Charleston, a city which fearlessly defied kings and empires would live in fear not of invading armies and attacking fleets, but at the shadow of Vesey’s failed revolt. That one man’s memory could hold such power validates Egerton's argument that Vesey was both an obscure and nearly powerless person, as well a revolutionary figure whose legacy stood tall indeed.

The Scarlet Letter, By Nathaniel Hawthorne :: essays papers

The Scarlet Letter, By Nathaniel Hawthorne Nathaniel Hawthorne's background influenced him to write the bold novel The Scarlet Letter. One important influence on the story is money. Hawthorne had never made much money as an author and the birth of his first daughter added to the financial burden ("Biographical Note" VII). He received a job at the Salem Custom House only to lose it three years later and be forced to write again to support his family (IX). Consequently, The Scarlet Letter was published a year later (IX). It was only intended to be a long short story, but the extra money a novel would bring in was needed ("Introduction" XVI). Hawthorne then wrote an introduction section titled "The Custom House" to extend the length of the book and The Scarlet Letter became a full novel (XVI). In addition to financial worries, another influence on the story is Hawthorne's rejection of his ancestors. His forefathers were strict Puritans, and John Hathorne, his great-great-grandfather, was a judge presiding during the S! alem witch trials ("Biographical Note" VII). Hawthorne did not condone their acts and actually spent a great deal of his life renouncing the Puritans in general (VII). Similarly, The Scarlet Letter was a literal "soapbox" for Hawthorne to convey to the world that the majority of Puritans were strict and unfeeling. For example, before Hester emerges from the prison she is being scorned by a group of women who feel that she deserves a larger punishment than she actually receives. Instead of only being made to stand on the scaffold and wear the scarlet letter on her chest, they suggest that she have it branded on her forehead or even be put to death (Hawthorne 51). Perhaps the most important influence on the story is the author's interest in the "dark side" ("Introduction" VIII). Unlike the transcendentalists of the era, Hawthorne "confronted reality, rather than evading it" (VII). Likewise, The Scarlet Letter deals with adultery, a subject that caused much scandal when it w! as first published (XV). The book revolves around sin and punishment, a far outcry from writers of the time, such as Emerson and Thoreau, who dwelt on optimistic themes (VII). This background, together with a believable plot, convincing characterization, and important literary devices enables Nathaniel Hawthorne in The Scarlet Letter to the develop the theme of the heart as a prison. The scaffold scenes are the most substantial situations in the story because they unify The Scarlet Letter in two influential ways.

The Joys of Mediocrity :: Personal Narrative

The Joys of Mediocrity "Why do I look fat?" "Why is the shape of my face not proportional to my body?" "Why do I have so many pimples?" "Why is my nose that big?" You and I have, at some point, grumbled like this -- it could have happened last month, last week, or even just five minutes ago! We never forgave ourselves for those flaws in our physical structure called imperfections. Most of us strive to become the person of what fashion magazines, movies, or pop culture in general proclaim as the "ideal physique of man." The beau ideal meant good looks, prominence of height, well-toned bodies, and the like. Lacking in one or more of these qualities suggests that you aren't qualified to be with the elite who dominate the world because 'the world' considers them elegant and glamorous -- simply, they are 'perfect.' So we do what we can to prove them wrong. It's easy to see because it's everywhere around us. Ladies copy the latest fashion trend, while men attempt to look and act what they think is the 'in' thing. And there's always the beauty products and modern technology to work everything else out. No, nothing wrong with doing these -- every person has the right to do so. The question is "For what real purpose is it about?" Has society been so judgmental, so vainglorious that it casts its eyes down to anyone who doesn't meet their expectations? Do we have to punish ourselves-by not valuing time, money, and self-worth-for something only temporary? Imperfection is normal. No one escapes it-not even the most well-bred. We are only human. Or in a more philosophical sense perhaps we were meant to be created this way, to counterbalance what we have and what we don't have. When you closely look at it, imperfection is not such a big deal. It's what that's in you that truly counts. Does perfection even exist? Most of the greatest people that ever lived were recognized for their remarkable achievements, not for how they look like. And besides, if all in this world were perfect, nothing will be regarded with appreciation anymore. A flaw actually makes an object look more appealing and precious, because you see the finer features beneath.

Experience Brings Success

Experience Brings Success Bonnie R. Humpherys Instructor: Carol Bartlo Daemen College April 24, 2012 Introduction After graduating college, many students are often confused about the next step in life. While the main goal is to achieve success, college students are faced with many different opportunities after graduation. Some of these opportunities include becoming and entrepreneur, pursuing more education or working for an existing business to gain experience.The cost of college tuition continues to rise and as a result we are asking ourselves whether it is really worth spending years working towards a degree when the same time could be spent earning money. Pursuing more education and working for an existing business promises and provides students with knowledge and experience needed to succeed. Generally, in this fast pace society both knowledge and experience are needed to succeed in the workforce. According to â€Å"Entrepreneurship and Development† Lazaer quotes â€Å"m any college graduates are unemployed due to lack of experience in their field of study. Instead of thinking of different options many students automatically believe that they will obtain a high paying job as soon as they graduate college. Gaining experience in their field of study while acquiring more knowledge in graduate school can prepare students for career advancement. â€Å"As new social groups enter higher education, socially privileged groups, whose reproduction was traditionally ensured by college degrees, increase their investments in education to stay ahead of newcomers. (Lazaer 2005) Being that more people are going to college every year the work force has become very competitive.Generally an undergraduate degree is no longer valued as an advanced degree in the work force. After conducting a survey of twenty-five college students and five professionals I was able to make inferences and draw statistical conclusions. Being that I surveyed a wide variety of majors and prof essions the results varied greatly. Generally 71% of the respondents, both graduates and undergraduates chose to â€Å"pursue more education† as a plan after graduation. In addition to pursuing more education 46% of respondents chose to â€Å"work for an existing business while pursuing more education. Though 71% of respondents chose to pursue more education it can be concluded that most undergraduate students do not have the financial ability to pursue an advanced degree. It can also be concluded that many college graduates do not pursue an advanced degree because they do not have the financial ability to attend. Being that many of the respondents who chose other graduation plans agreed to pursue an advanced degree if they had the financial ability, this conclusion can be deemed valid. Appendix AAccording to the results, many of the Undergraduate respondents that chose to work for an existing business want to gain experience. Being that 75% of the professionals responded to pursue more education while getting experience, it can be concluded that work experience is very important in your career. Along with gaining experience, over 75% of the professional respondents agreed that an advanced degree is very important to obtain a job and for career advancement. Being that many of these respondents are already in their career fields their opinion can be deemed valid because they have first hand experience in their daily lives.Over 50% of the student respondents agreed that there is a lot of competition to obtain job and an advanced degree is essential for career advancement. Overall, due to the results from the other questions and the charts below the overall conclusion of not having the financial ability is what limits students from pursuing an advanced degree. Appendix A Conclusions In the society that we live, having a college degree is very important. Most businesses and practically all government agencies require at least a bachelor’s degree for an entry-level position.In order to obtain these entry-level positions it is very important to have experience. Gaining experience while pursuing an advanced degree is very essential to career advancement. As more people go to college each year undergraduate degrees are no longer as valuable for employment and advancement. Although many college students do not have the financial resources to attend, investing in an advanced degree opens up a vast amount of opportunities. Generally, pursuing more education while working for an existing business helps students gain the necessary knowledge and experience for employment and advancement.Refrences Lazaer, E. (2005). Entrepreneurship and development. Journal of Labor Economics23(4), 649-680. Retrieved from www. jstor. org. daeme. iii. com/stable/10. 1086/491605 Leibebstein, H. (1968). Entrepreneurship and development. The American Economic Review, 58(2), 72-83. Retrieved from http:/www. jstor. org. daeme. iii. com/stable/ Pringle, C. (n. d. ). Perceived fulfillment of organizational employment versus entrepreneurship: Work values and career intentions of business college graduates. Journal of Small Business Management, 29, 23-56. Zemke, R. (2001).Where do leaders come from? . Training, 38, 44-48. Retrieved from http://search. proquest. com/docview/203413677? accountid=10399 Appendix A The Future for College Graduates The purpose of this survey is to gain insight into advanced degrees and professional employment. What is your undergraduate major? __________________________________________ What are your plans immediately after graduation? * Become an entrepreneur * Become an entrepreneur and pursue more education * Go to work for an existing business * Go to work for an existing business and pursue more education * Pursue more education Other, please specify ___________________________ Why do you feel your choice in the above question will be best for you? ______________________________________________________________ _______________ _____________________________________________________________________________ Will your choice give you the immediate and future earnings potential you most desire? Definitely Most likely Not sure Unlikely What level of interest do you have for becoming an entrepreneur immediately after graduation?Much interest Some Interest Little interest No interest What level of interest do you have for pursuing an advanced degree immediately after graduation? Much interest Some Interest Little interest No interest Do you feel you have the financial ability to attend graduate school immediately after graduation? Yes No Page 1 of 2 If you did have the financial resources to attend graduate school immediately after graduation, would you then choose to go to graduate school? Yes NoWhat level of interest do you have for going to work for an established business immediately after college? Much interest Some Interest Little interest No interest What is the value of an advanced degree f or business professionals to obtain employment? Very valuable Valuable somewhat valuable Not very valuable What is the value of an advanced degree for business professionals for career advancement? Very valuable Valuable somewhat valuable Not very valuableWhat is the value of professional work experience for business professionals for career advancement? Very valuable Valuable somewhat valuable Not very valuable Do you feel you would be at a disadvantage entering the professional workplace without an advanced degree? Yes No How do you feel about the competition for obtaining employment? Very competitive Competitive Somewhat competitive Not competitive How much pressure do you feel about the amount of experience professional positions now require?Much Pressure Some pressure Little pressure No pressure Page 2 of 2 Appendix B The Future for College Graduates The purpose of this survey is to gain insight into advanced degrees and professional employment for college graduates. What shoul d college graduates do immediately after graduation? * Become an entrepreneur * Become an entrepreneur and pursue more education * Go to work for an existing business * Go to work for an existing business and pursue more education * Pursue more education Other, please specify ___________________________ Why do you feel your choice in the above question is best for college graduates? _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ Will that choice give graduates the immediate and future earnings potential they desire? Definitely Most likely Not sure Unlikely Do you feel new graduates have the financial ability to attend graduate school immediately after graduation?Yes No If college graduates did have the financial resources to attend graduate school immediately after graduation, do you think they would then choose to go to graduate school? Yes No What is the value of an advance d degree for business professionals to obtain employment? Very valuable Valuable somewhat valuable Not very valuable What is the value of an advanced degree for business professionals for career advancement?Very valuable Valuable somewhat valuable Not very valuable What is the value of professional work experience for business professionals for career advancement? Very valuable Valuable somewhat valuable Not very valuable Do you feel workers would be at a disadvantage entering the professional workplace without an advanced degree? Yes No How do you feel about the competition for obtaining employment? Very competitive Competitive Somewhat competitive Not competitive

Investigate their human resources, administration, finance and sales Essay

Marks and Spencers agree many different introduce plane sections unless withal have many different parts of their pargonntage, its sub roundal beas. I am spill to look at and term of enlistment up on their valet de chambre resourcefulnesss, judicial system, pay and gross revenue and cargon subdivisions to thusly see how each contributes to the lead of Marks and Spencers.Human ResourcesThe human resources incision aims to carry out 5 study things, these being1. Recruiting, keeping and dismissing employees. This is a study task for M&S as they motive the right type of employees for the melodic line sector to operate its best, also the employees sh entirely decide the aires success present and coming(prenominal).Recruiting new employees could be hiring new volume from outside the bloodline or promoting workers already working(a) in the pedigree. Many dividing linees much(prenominal) as M&S like recruiting from outside the problem to bring new ide as and enthusiasm.M&S would pauperism to keep solely(a) their active employees as they would risk losing experienced and prep ar mental faculty, plus recruiting new workers and training them bottom prove to be expensive. roundtimes M&S would have to dismiss or sack employees, this whitethorn be collect if an employee fecal matter non carry out their romp expeditiously or effectively. Also many employees atomic number 18 dismissed or made redundant, as their jobs no longer exist, say the occur in a special(prenominal) carrefour could lead to the dismissal of many cater. acquire moreHuman Resource heed Essay2. Monitoring and providing good working conditions. Working conditions includes the cleanliness of a dwelling ho expenditure, the provision of succour aras, hours of work and holidays. Working conditions have a great impact on how surface a line of reasoning operates and how well employees can carry out their work. They are ordinarily a subject for negotiat ion mingled with handle number of capitals and human resources. M&S have an area for round to die away and spend their breaks in. The whole store would be symmetricly cleaned each day for some(prenominal) the workers and customers.3. prep, growing and promoting employees. Human resources need their staff to be able to look into that employees are able to do their jobs, they whitethorn pound around training at M&S or through course at local colleges, planning jobs so that employees get it on new experiences and develop new skills also promoting employees to more aged positions to give the business the skills and experience it needs.4. Negotiating with trade unions. The human resources surgical incision of M&S would have to discuss and agree invent and working conditions with trade unions or an other(prenominal) representatives of the workforce. This process is c on the wholeed corporal bargaining.5. health and rubber eraser is an meaning(a) accountability for human resources, as it requires M&S to provide all employees with a arrest risk let go working environment.That is what the human resources right of M&S had to en accredited is carried out. Here are some true job backups indoors an organisation such as M&S.Job titleDescriptionHuman resources director decision making the oerall staffing policies of Boots. Also he/she purpose senior management. Setting the human resources budget. In fritter away of all human resource functions in Boots.Human resources managerHe/she manages the human resources surgical incision and staff tough with industrial relations and trade union negotiations, also ensuring his/he staff is by-line the policies of Boots.Recruitment officeholderResponsible for the f and so oning on of staff and section of staff, depending on their standard of work they offer to Boots and the customers of Boots.Training/staff development officerHe/she are prudent for training and developing of their staff to bring or r ejoinder them to a higher level.Personnel/staffing officerKeeping staff records, monitoring staff welfare.Health and safety officerHe/she makes sure all aspects of health and safety are in order for staff matters. Also they monitor accident and prevention. gage officerGeneral protective covering, responsible for all surety staff.Human resources administrative assistantsadministrative work relating to the human resource function. payNow I am going to look at the finance function of M&S. The finance department of a business manages the money for the business. The department examines the financial transactions of a business and function managers to plan for the future. The various activities of the finance department are1. Recording all the financial matters of M&S as they are constantly spending money or receiving it from gross revenue. It is vital that they keep all records of all the activities in order to, calculate whether the business is being proceedsable, asses how much tax the business will have to pay and to serving managers to make the right decisions.2. every last(predicate) businesses have to prepare their accounts in order to add up their financial affairs during a year, plcs are call for to publish their results licitly as they are a ordinary company such as M&S. They have to do the following the ratio sheet which states both what a businesses aims and its debts, profit and sacking account- which records the profit or loss made during a lengthy bound of time ordinarily a year, the interior revenue have to confirm that M&S has paid the correct amount of tax, suppliers are able to see whether business can pay its debts and finally shareholders can decide whether its price investing in the business or not.3. M&S have to pay the wage of all their employees and it involves the finance department in a number of shipway. The business has to deduct income tax and national amends from each employees pay, it may be compulsory to operate a pension intention for its more elderly employees and to make sure the correct amount of wages or salaries has been given out to employees.4. All businesses need some resources and capital to trade successfully. To obtain these resources businesses may need to raise giving sums of money, known as capital, but not M&S as they are already fully developed and expanding crosswise the globe. But nevertheless a business has 2 main sources of capital a loan raised by acceptation money from a bank or another business and retained profits, if M&S has been very profitable they may be able to invest in the business and obtain resources they may need.Some typical job roles in the finance function in M&S would includeJobDescriptionfiscal directorGiving advice to senior managers on the overall financial policy of M&S. Overseeing the budget of M&S. In charge of all finance function in M&S.Financial jitneyManaging the finance function and staff. He/she also advises other members of staff wit h any financial queries. drumhead AccountantHe/She ensures that final supply of accounts M&S are in good and correct order.Management restrainerHe/She produces continuous financial learning to M&S.Credit ControllerAdvising on credit policies. Making sure money owing to M&S kept in confidence.Credit control shop clerksHelps check accounts of new and existing customers accounts. He/She industrial plant below the Credit Controller but assist the credit controller. They also instigate customers of overdue paymentsChief CashierHe/She is responsible for the receipt, safe keeping account and banking all money received from boots. payroll department AdministratorHe/She is in control of ensuring that all of M&S employees payroll and salary/wages section.Wages ClerksHe/She helps and assists the payroll administrator, in the production of wages ands salary details. presidentshipThe administration department provides important subscribe serve to other departments in the business. Not a ll admin departments in all businesses are the same. In small-scale businesses the admin department may take business for human resources or finance, but in a large organisation such as M&S it is normally most likely to be specialised. The admin department makes considerable use of computers and IT as it is required for a lot of their jobs.There are as always many activities for the administration department they can be small down into 5 groups1. Clerical go are the main role of every admin department. The department may provide clerical services to all other departments within the business. These maybe word- affect, making telephone calls, involution accommodation for staff, sorting and delivering incoming direct and posting outgoing mail, organising meetings and keeping records of what takes place at these meetings, talking responsibly on behalf of the whole company and creating and keeping records of the company.2. All businesses require regular cleaning M&S is no exceptio n as it is especially true as M&S have cafes, which require innate cleanliness. Admin also organises the maintenance of the building, they may preen the inside and outside of the building if they wish.3. Health and safety is a big sheer with all businesses. It includes providing safety clothing, warnings for workers, ensuring that there are no dangers around the workplace and providing regular medical checks for those working in untamed environments.4. guarantor is an increasingly important geld for all businesses, security duties would include write visitors in and out of premises, ensuring that unauthorised people are kept out by use of patrols or even apply dogs, protecting computer systems from hackers, patrolling to prevent shrinking by employing guards in uniform.5. Information technology is being more widely employ by the minute, nearly all businesses use some form of IT nowadays. The admin department may use IT to make spreadsheet for financial data, a database of customers and employees, payroll systems to calculate employees wages and salaries, e mail for communicating internal and external, meshing based systems, electronic network sites for selling goods etc. exemplary job roles of the administration function would beJobDescriptionAdministration managerManaging the administration operations of M&S.Administration assistantAssists with administrative tasks in particular areas.Secretary of BootsA senior executive responsible for all the good affairs of M&S.It managerManaging all IT requirements of M&S, including equipment maintenance and advising on future needs.Office manager/senior administratorResponsible for ensuring the administrating operations in particular office or department.Chief security officerHe/she is responsible for the security staff and advising on security requirements.SecurityResponsible for maintaining and monitoring security to the required standard.Reprographics supervisor (photo coping and printing)Ensuring all re prographics are done and to a high standard, as it reflects on Boots reputation from the quality of leaflets and testis earn etc.Pa / secretarial staffThese staff are generally there to providing secretarial and administrative support to senior members of staff andWord processing operator/Data stimulant clerk (worker)He/she type out letters and any other documents and also input data into a computer system. livelihood of StaffHe/she is responsible for routine maintenance work, which may include exposure or decorating. make clean StaffCleaning of general office areas, facilities and equipment marketplaceing and gross salesMarketing and sales involve businesses in many ways. Marketing is the process that helps all businesses to fall apart and meet the needs of customers. Doing trade seek, carrying it out in the local and wider corporation enables the business to discover1 customer reactions to existing products2 What new goods and services customers want3 Whether or not ne w products will prove to be popular4 The prices customers are watchful to pay for goods5 How satisfied customers already are with the serviceMarks and Spencers therefore do the following discover customer needs through market research, advise customers of products through promotion then achieve their sales. There are 2 types of research that can be carried out, Primary- hookup data for the 1st time by asking for views and opinions through questionnaires, interviews, surveys etc and Secondary research which is research that has already been done by someone else such as newspapers web site etc.The best-known market activity is promotion.1 Advertising on TV, radio, internet, billboards, newspapers etc2 gross sales promotions, giving free samples like buy 1 get 1 free etc3 familiar relations, attempting to influence the publics opinions of the business and its products through sponsorship, trade fairs the press and mediaBusinesses try to achieve their sales through a number of ways1 Selling products through shops2 Personal selling such as when sales reps encourage customers to buy their products3 Internet selling is an increasingly important sales method as it is scatter and growing biggerThe typical job roles you can expect areTypical job TitleJob utilizationMarketing DirectorResponsible for over all marketing function and its aims and objectives.Sales DirectorHe/She is responsible for the sales function.Sales ManagerHe/she is responsible for M&S entire sales staff and achievement of sales targets usually within the UK.Export ManagerThis psyche is responsible for agents and sales overseas.Advertising ManagerIn charge of advertising and create successful advertising campaigns.Sales CoordinatorThis psyche is responsible for giving urgent entropy required by sales staffs that are travelling.Sales RepresentativesM&S sales staff who visit customers in UK and abroad.Market ResearchersThis team is relied upon to find out what customers want and whether or not there is a need for this new product.Order ClerksThis staffs are responsible to accept and process sales orders.Telephone Sales staff rent and process telephone orders.