Thomas Hobbes Book Leviathan Philosophy Essay

doubting Thomas Hobbes handwriting Leviathan Philosophy EssayThomas Hobbes focused on the hu domain constitution regarding as reconcile of spirit. Hobbes thinks that at that place is al trends fight in state of reputation because of adequateity between men. He asserts that homophile being is equal both bodily and mentally even if it is seemingly. At first, Human temper exacts slew to think about being strongest than any ace in terms of body. For example, the strongest unmatched thinks that he stern kill any(prenominal) one and only(a) who are weak than him, however, the weaker one basis beat the strongest one through confederacy of with others. (Hobbes, 183)Therefore, it sack be verbalize that everyone in indian lodge is equal with each other one mode or another. Additionally, Hobbes argues that men are equal mentally too. This equality comes from wise. In state of nature, everyone see themselves wise, however, they do not accept the others learning and they do not believe that they have wisdom. That is to say, all of them are satisfied with their wisdom and they ignore others wisdom so this means that it is not inequality actually it means equality. (Hobbes, p.184)Therefore, this equality causes insecurity in partnership. This equality draw offs us to gather our ends. However, if they longing same thing, they become enemy with each other. (Hobbes, p.184) To give an example, every person around the world has desires to croak in extraordinary daub such as palace. Lets thinks about that on that point is only one gorgeous palace all over the world and a group of state try to jack off it, at the end while trying to get it, thither leave behind be conflict situation. The ambition of getting what they desire makes them enemy and it leads to war amongst them. Additionally, in the nature of man, we find three principles which are competition, diffidence and glory. (Hobbes, p.185) These feelings lead to war because these feelings make b atch to fight for gain, resort and for reputation. Shortly, in target to provide a peaceful orderliness there should be an rootageity. If there is no positive mightiness at the top, there is ever so fight in society. Hobbes underlines this issue as state of nature is a state of war of all against all. (Hobbes, p.185) In this situation, that is to say, if there is no common authority, there is no justice because we cannot talk about square or false or anything contrary to law. Moreover, in such conditions, as Hobbes argues, there is no place for industrial development or cheat or anything making people to be civilized. Thus, life of men is cave man poor, nasty, brutish and short. (Hobbes, p.186) This situation can be a block to confront in a good society because people need an compulsory power who can keep down them. Also this can shows us the necessity of solid ground.Right of nature has an important role for necessity of absolute power in terms of sounds, rules and prohibitions. Right of nature gives the right man to do anything what he want and at any time to cling to himself from the others who may damage him. That is to say, right of nature is a kind of improperness to what is wanted to do. Because of the state of nature, every men have right to do anything, even he can kill somebody else to nourish himself.(Hobbes, p.189) Actually, in state of nature, there is always risk of injury and death so people are ready to preserve themselves from possible attacks. For example, if a man, who is threaten by someone, can intimidates and can kill that men. If he could not, he could be killed. This creates chaos in society. The law of nature can be pattern the opposite of right of nature. Thanks to law of nature, people give up their some rights and think about the others right in order to protect both themselves and peace in society. (Hobbes, p.190) It is important that, thanks to the law of nature, people cannot harm themselves and others. It is a stage of providing peace among people. The only way to key this peaceful environment is transferring of rights by covenant. At this point, the importance of rules which are make by absolute power can be understood.As Hobbes suggests, human nature needs an absolute power in nature because the last-ditch purpose of mankind is to protect them from others possible attack, to be happy and to live in comfort. (Hobbes, p.223)Therefore, the only way is to accept to be put under restraint by a self-reliant. The necessity of a self-reliant is in like manner about how to establish a commonwealth system. According to Hobbes, the only way to establish a commonwealth system is based on transferring their rights to one person, one assembly or one committee. Hobbes suggests the way of establishing a commonwealth is making a covenant with every man. By making covenant, every man gives their right of governing themselves to a monarch. Although some people in society vote negatively, they besides authorized the milkweed butterfly to govern them. (Hobbes, p.227)Therefore, by transferring rights and will, the commonwealth system occurs. The independent who has unlimited power has to make rules and ravish away them. These rules should be in accordance with the necessity of common wills. There should also be fear of absolute power because if people in society do not afraid of absolute power they can break rules. Obeying rules is important for society in terms of order and peace.The covenant can be sight as the constitution of parties because parties make an agreement and they make rules for themselves and for the security of society. Thus, if there is an manginess or injury, the person in scud is not to be the sovereign. The injustice or injury reasoned by sovereign is not the outcome of sovereigns own decisions or actions because of covenant. According to Thomas Hobbes, if a person kvetch about injustice, this means that person is complaining about his/her sover eign and this person cannot accuse someone else even he cannot accuse himself because of the covenant. That is to say the person who make a covenant and who make rules cannot injure himself/herself. (Hobbes, p.232) Again Hobbes says that since the people in society are the governor of the actions and decisions, the actions and decisions which are made by sovereign cannot be named as injustice because people in society authorized the sovereign to govern themselves. (Hobbes, p.232) The sovereign should implement the rules and punishment. To give an example, think about a rule which is related to to protect society order, for example burglary, murdering etc. and think about the punishments of these abuses. If a person kill a man or steal someones billet there will be a violation of the order. The reason wherefore to implement these rules, prohibitions and the punishments by the sovereign is to be rescued from state of nature and to reach peace in society. Thus, the sovereign must i mplement the rules, prohibitions and punishments.Although people in society can be punished because of their actions, the sovereign cannot be punished because of his decisions or actions because the sovereign authorized to do anything to preserve the society and maintain the commonwealth system. Thomas Hobbes underlines that sovereign shouldnt be punished if he breaks the agreement because he is tasked with to govern and execute the state. The sovereign has unlimited power and he has decisions and actions according to covenant which is made by people. As Hobbes underlines, the liberty of the subject consists with the unlimited power of the sovereign. The liberty of subjects doesnt mean that the power of sovereign for life and death abolished or limited because whatsoever he does can be called as injustice or injury. (Hobbes, p.264) For example, if a subject who attempts to protest his sovereign can be punished or killed because he is the author of his punishment. (Hobbes, p.229) Mo reover, a subject can be killed so neither sovereign nor subject can be called as injustice. (Hobbes, p.265) Additionally, the actions of the sovereign cannot be criticized by subjects because anything what he does cannot called as injustice and subjects cannot charge sovereign with being injustice. As Hobbes states sovereign can be cruel but they cannot be unjust. (Hobbes, p.232) Moreover, the sovereign cannot be judged with his decisions and actions thanks to the covenant.In certainty, Thomas Hobbes starts with analyzing human nature and comes to this conclusion by reasoning necessity of commonwealth system. As he argues in the state of nature men are always in endangerment and there is no security. People in society are always fighting with each other, they are always competing with each other because of their desires and this makes their life full of horror. Therefore, Thomas Hobbes suggests that there must be a sovereign to control and to provide security in society in order to live in comfort. By transferring the rights to the sovereign they make covenant and at the end the commonwealth system establishes. The sovereign who is authorized by the subjects makes decisions and governs the society and so according to Hobbes the sovereigns decisions and actions cannot be called as unjust. Although, Thomas Hobbes asserts that his decisions and actions are not unjust, the sovereign who has unlimited power should be restricted. If his decisions and actions cannot be restricted there will always be injustice because there is only one person who decides in the name of subjects. Additionally, the subjects who didnt vote for that sovereign should be thought because they are also under the decisions and actions of that sovereign even if they did vote negatively. Although, the commonwealth system has benefits such as unity, safety and comfortable lives in society, after(prenominal) transferring rights to the sovereign the only decision maker become sovereign and thi s makes conflicts in society. Subjects give their will to sovereign however, in some points subjects should have the right to analyze and criticize acts and rules of sovereign. Society may hand over its will but it should not be in all areas. Society could be interfere what is done by sovereign. Sovereign cannot be true in all areas and acts.